Advent of Europeans in India | Danes And French
French East Companies In India
Danes are traders of Denmark
Denmark
Capital : Copenhagen
Official languages : Danish
Religion : Church of Denmark
Currency : Danish krone
Some of important settlements of Danes
Tranqubar(Tamil Naidu)
Andaman Nicobar island
Serampur( Bengal)
Danes made Serampur as there Head quarters.
In 1845, they sold all there settlement to Britishers and left India
FRENCH
Last European to invade India is French.
In 1664, they formed French East India Company which was public enterprise( Government company)
Only French had government company rest are private(Portuguese, British and Danes)
Important settlement of French in India
Gujarat
Surat – 1st settlement of French in 1668
Andhra Pradesh
Machilipatnam
Yanam
Kerala
Mahe
Tamil Naidu
Kariakal
Benagal
Chandranagar
Pondicherry
Pondicherry city was build by French and made Pondicherry as their Head Quarter.
In 1673, Francois Martin(officer) build the city and he was the first Governor(French) of India
British and French fought 3 wars called as Carnatic Wars.
First Carnatic War : 1746 – 48
Reasons
Europeans Political conflict lead to first Carnatic war i.e., “Austrian war of succession”
First carnatic war is just an extension of Austrian war succession.
Events
1 Duplex captured Madras
2 Battle of St Thomas(Area in Madras), French defeated Nawab of Carnatic Anwar-ud-din
3 A treaty was concluded between British and French, Treaty of Aix-la-chappell
Provisions of Treaty
Carnatic war must stop immediately
Madras has to given back to British.
Second Carnatic War: 1749 -56
Reasons
Successive disputes in India
In Carnatic, disputes between Anwar and Chandasaheb.
In Nizam, disputes between Nazar Jung and Mujaffer jung
Events
1 In 1749, Battle of Ambur
Dupleix killed Anwar-ud-din and made Chanda saheb as ruler of Carnatic
2 In 1750, Nazar Jung was assassinated by Kurnool Nawab Himmat Bahadur Khan
Britishers called Robert Clive from Bengal to Carnatic
His victories are
In 1752, Majaffar Jung was assiasinated
In 1752, Battle of Arcot, ChandaSaheb killed and Md Ali son of Anwar-udidin made ruler
Robert Clive is called as Hero of Arcot
Second Carnatic war concluded with treaty of Pondicherry
Third Carnatic War 1756-63
In 1760, Battle of Wandiwash
French governor Court De Lally was defeated by Britishers and he taken as prisoner by British officer Sir Eyre Coote.
In 1763, Treaty of Paris
All Settlements shall be given back to French but on condition of not maintaining Army in India only Trade
In 1954 because of diplomatic pressure, French settlements were handovered to Indian Government ,so India Created Pondicherry as Union territory.
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